Understanding the world · Environment & the future

What model made China the world's second-largest economy?

An isolated farming country became the world's second power in a single generation.

1978-2024: a miracle under control3 min read5 partsQuiz of 10 questions
Read in the app Available in 30 languages
Dinkun Chen · TOP OF THE DIWANG BUILDING SEE SHENZHEN SKYLINE (27) · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Part 1 of 5 · freeIntroduction

In the space of four decades, China pulled off an economic transformation with no equal in history, moving from an isolated farming country to the second largest economy in the world. The shift was possible because the strictly communist model was slowly dropped, in favor of an unusual mix of political control and entrepreneurial drive.

That spectacular success has now reached a turning point: an aging population, massive debt, and international tensions all threaten the next chapter.

The rest is in the Sophia app.The remaining parts, the open-book quiz and the full glossary. Free to start; Premium unlocks everything.
  1. 21978: the great turning point
  2. 3Capitalism under Party control
  3. 4New Silk Roads and internal cracks
  4. 5The cost of aging and the friction with the West
Open-book quiz10 questions whose answers are in the text.
Glossary11 terms explained in a tap.
30 languagesThe same course, from French to Japanese.