Science · Discoveries that changed the world

The theory of gravitation

An apple, the Moon, the planets: one single force explains them all.

Newton, 16873 min read5 partsQuiz of 8 questions
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lienyuan lee · Newton`s Apple Tree 牛頓蘋果樹 - panoramio · CC BY 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Part 1 of 5 · freeIntroduction

Before Newton, a great deal was already known about the planets, thanks to Galileo, the Italian physicist of the 17th century, and Johannes Kepler, the astronomer who described elliptical orbits. What was missing was a clear link between what falls on Earth and what turns in the sky.

In 1687, Isaac Newton published the Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, the Principia, the founding work of classical physics. In it he argued that gravitation is universal: it acts everywhere, and always in the same way.

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  1. 2The world before the synthesis
  2. 3The law in one sentence
  3. 4The laws of motion
  4. 5Powerful, but not the last word
Open-book quiz8 questions whose answers are in the text.
Glossary10 terms explained in a tap.
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