Science · The Earth and the Universe

Why do volcanoes erupt?

Under our feet, the Earth is not still. Sometimes it opens a window of fire.

Magma & plates3 min read5 partsQuiz of 8 questions
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Jaycee Esmeria · Mayon Volcano eruption at Daraga Church · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons
Part 1 of 5 · freeIntroduction

A volcano is not just a mountain that spits fire. It is an opening in the Earth's outer shell. Through it rises magma: a mix of molten rock and gas under high pressure. Once out in the open air, that magma becomes lava.

To understand an eruption, you have to look below the surface: the planet's inner heat, the movement of the plates, and the way gas drives the pressure up, a little like a bottle of soda that has been shaken.

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  1. 2Under our feet, nothing stands still
  2. 3From magma to eruption
  3. 4Runny or explosive?
  4. 5Danger, fertile soil, life in the deep
Open-book quiz8 questions whose answers are in the text.
Glossary7 terms explained in a tap.
30 languagesThe same course, from French to Japanese.

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