In 1949, George Orwell published 1984, one of the most widely read dystopias in the world. It is more than a novel about the future: it is a vocabulary for talking about modern oppression. Big Brother, Newspeak, the Ministry of Truth: these words left fiction behind and now describe political reality.
Orwell wrote the book while he was gravely ill with tuberculosis, on the island of Jura in Scotland. His pessimism came from direct experience of politics, of war, and of organized lying. 1984 does not predict the future like a calendar. It describes a machinery of domination that Orwell had watched at close range, from Republican Spain to Oceania, the invented state where everything is controlled.
- 2The Spanish wound: where Orwell's thinking began
- 3The architecture of control: the Oceania system
- 4Winston and Julia: how fragile private dissent is





